The effects of bright light therapy on depression and sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

May 30, 2021Sleep medicine

Bright light therapy's effects on depression and sleep problems in Parkinson's disease

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Abstract

Bright light therapy (BLT) significantly improved depression symptoms by 0.34 and insomnia symptoms by 1.15 in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Depressive symptoms were assessed using multiple scales including Beck's Depression Inventory and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
Insomnia symptoms were evaluated with scales such as the Insomnia Severity Index and Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale.
Data from five randomized, controlled trials involving 173 patients with Parkinson's disease were included in the analysis.
No improvement in depression or insomnia symptoms was observed in the control light group.

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BACKGROUND: Depression and sleep disturbance are well-recognized non-motor features in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This meta-analysis aimed to explore the potential role of bright light therapy (BLT) in depression and sleep disturbances in Parkinson's Disease (PD).

METHODS: Four databases were independently searched by two reviewers: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase until February 2021. We evaluated the following depression related scales: Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI); the Geriatric Depression Rating Scale, 30-item (GDS-30); the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS); the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS); the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS); the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); the Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS); Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease Sleep Scale (SCOPA) and the Insomnia severity index (ISI) to access the effects of bright light therapy on depression and sleep disturbances in patients with PD. Effect size (standardized mean deviation [SMD] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) were used to analyze the continuous results data of intervention group and control light group. Data from five randomized, controlled trials totaling 173 patients with PD was included.

RESULTS: BLT significantly improved depression symptoms (BDI, GDS-30, HDRS and HADS) of PD patients (0.34, 95% CI = 0.06-0.61). Insomnia symptoms (SCOPA and ISI) for patients with PD were significantly improved by BLT as well (1.15, 95% CI = 0.71-1.60). Whereas, no difference was observed in the control light group in improving the depression or insomnia symptoms of PD patients.

CONCLUSION: BLT is an effective intervention for improving depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances in patients with PD.

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The effects of bright light therapy on depression and sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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