Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glycogen resynthesis in human liver and skeletal muscle, measured by ¹³C MRS

Jan 25, 2000American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism

How Eating Carbohydrates Affects Sugar Storage in Human Liver and Muscle

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Abstract

1 g/kg body mass of glucose or sucrose is sufficient to initiate postexercise liver glycogen resynthesis.

Glycogen resynthesis in the liver was observed after glucose (13 +/- 8 g) and sucrose (25 +/- 5 g) ingestion, with no resynthesis during the control trial.
No significant differences in muscle glycogen resynthesis were detected across trials.
A positive correlation was found between carbohydrate load and liver glycogen content changes at multiple recovery intervals (30, 90, 150, and 210 min).
A modest relationship was noted between changes in liver glycogen content and subsequent exercise capacity, although no significant differences in mean exercise time were observed among trials.

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This study investigated the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on postexercise glycogen resynthesis, measured simultaneously in liver and muscle (n = 6) by (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and subsequent exercise capacity (n = 10). Subjects cycled at 70% maximal oxygen uptake for 83 +/- 8 min on six separate occasions. At the end of exercise, subjects ingested 1 g/kg body mass (BM) glucose, sucrose, or placebo (control). Resynthesis of glycogen over a 4-h period after treatment ingestion was measured on the first three occasions, and subsequent exercise capacity was measured on occasions four through six. No glycogen was resynthesized during the control trial. Liver glycogen resynthesis was evident after glucose (13 +/- 8 g) and sucrose (25 +/- 5 g) ingestion, both of which were different from control (P < 0.01). No significant differences in muscle glycogen resynthesis were found among trials. A relationship between the CHO load (g) and change in liver glycogen content (g) was evident after 30, 90, 150, and 210 min of recovery (r = 0.59-0. 79, P < 0.05). Furthermore, a modest relationship existed between change in liver glycogen content (g) and subsequent exercise capacity (r = 0.53, P < 0.05). However, no significant difference in mean exercise time was found (control: 35 +/- 5, glucose: 40 +/- 5, and sucrose: 46 +/- 6 min). Therefore, 1 g/kg BM glucose or sucrose is sufficient to initiate postexercise liver glycogen resynthesis, which contributes to subsequent exercise capacity, but not muscle glycogen resynthesis.

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Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glycogen resynthesis in human liver and skeletal muscle, measured by ¹³C MRS

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