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Choline and trimethylamine N-oxide supplementation in normal chow diet and western diet promotes the development of atherosclerosis in Apoe –/– mice through different mechanisms
Choline and TMAO supplements in regular and high-fat diets promote artery disease in Apoe-/- mice by different processes
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Abstract
Supplementing with choline or TMAO significantly promoted plaque progression in Apoe-/- mice on both normal and western diets.
- Choline or TMAO supplementation for 12 weeks led to enhanced plaque development in an animal model of atherosclerosis.
- Supplementation increased serum lipid levels and inflammatory responses in the aortic root.
- The composition of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism was altered by choline or TMAO supplementation in mice on a western diet.
- Both normal and western diets allowed choline or TMAO to promote atherosclerosis, suggesting differing mechanisms at play.
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