Long-term intake of dietary proanthocyanidins affects body clocks in healthy and obese rats

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPEs) were administered for 21 days at doses of 5, 25, or 50 mg/kg body weight in healthy and obese rats.

• GSPE administration in healthy rats led to increased expression of core clock genes in a positive dose-dependent manner.
• The ratio of acetylated BMAL1 protein also increased with GSPE dosage in the liver and mesenteric white adipose tissue.
• In healthy rats, the clock-controlled gene Per2 was overexpressed, while Rev-erbα and RORα were repressed in a negative dose-dependent manner.
• Obesity resulted in the overexpression of certain core clock and clock-related genes, with specific genes affected varying by tissue.
• GSPE administration counteracted disruptions in clock genes in the liver and gut, but had limited effects on white adipose tissue.

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