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Body Clock Patterns in Bipolar Disorder and Their Treatment Implications
Updated
Abstract
Psychopathological symptoms of bipolar disorder are linked to a malfunction of the circadian system.
- Alterations in circadian rhythms and sleep are present in both manic and depressive episodes, and even during stable periods.
- Specific genetic variations in molecular clock genes are associated with the development and characteristics of mood disorders.
- Medications for bipolar disorder, including antidepressants and mood stabilizers, influence the circadian clock.
- Chronobiological therapies, which focus on circadian rhythms and sleep, have shown safety and effectiveness in treating bipolar depression.
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