Chronotype and depressive symptoms in healthy subjects: the mediating role of hopelessness and subjective sleep quality

Jul 9, 2020Chronobiology international

How Sleep Timing Relates to Depression Symptoms: The Role of Hopelessness and Sleep Quality in Healthy People

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Abstract

A total of 339 Turkish students participated in a study examining the links between chronotype, hopelessness, and depressive symptoms.

Individuals with evening chronotypes may experience higher levels of hopelessness, which is associated with depressive symptoms.
No significant direct relationship was found between evening chronotype and depressive symptoms.
Hopelessness was identified as a mediator in the relationship between eveningness and depressive symptoms.
Subjective sleep quality did not mediate the relationship between evening chronotype and depressive symptoms.

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Chronotype preference and lower sleep quality in university students can influence mental health. Individuals with evening chronotypes have a high risk of mental health problems, including depressive symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms are still under investigation. Hopelessness is composed of negative feelings and thoughts about the future and is closely related to depressive symptomatology. The aim of the study was to determine whether reduced sleep quality and hopelessness mediate the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms in a student sample, which was evaluated cross-sectionally. A total of 339 Turkish students (53.7% female, mean age 22.18 ± 1.79 y) completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Mediation analysis showed no significant direct relationship between eveningness and depressive symptoms. The relationship between eveningness and depressive symptoms was mediated by hopelessness, but not by subjective sleep quality (effect = - 0.03, SE: 0.01, CI: -0.04, -0.02). Better knowledge of the relationship between hopelessness and eveningness might form the basis of a more specific approach to the prevention of depression in evening types.

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Chronotype and depressive symptoms in healthy subjects: the mediating role of hopelessness and subjective sleep quality

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