Circadian clocks and insulin resistance

Circadian disruption is associated with insulin resistance, a key factor in type 2 diabetes development.

• The circadian timing system includes a central brain clock and various peripheral clocks that coordinate daily processes.
• The central clock influences food intake, energy use, and overall insulin sensitivity.
• Peripheral clocks in the gut, muscles, fat tissue, liver, and pancreas regulate glucose absorption and insulin-related functions.
• Misalignment of circadian rhythms with sleep and feeding patterns may contribute to insulin resistance.
• Factors such as clock gene mutations, artificial light exposure, disturbed sleep, shift work, and social jet lag can disrupt circadian rhythms.

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