Role of the clock gene Rev‐erbα in metabolism and in the endocrine pancreas

Sep 3, 2015Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

The role of the internal clock gene Rev-erbα in metabolism and hormone-making pancreas

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Abstract

Rev-erbα is a key regulator of insulin and glucagon secretion in the endocrine pancreas.

Circadian rhythms regulate several hormones to adapt metabolism to daily light and activity patterns.
Daily variations in plasma glucose levels and pancreatic hormones are influenced by circadian rhythms.
Disruptions in circadian rhythms are linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes.
Rev-erbα is a crucial component of the circadian clock that influences metabolic processes.
This clock gene modulates lipid and glucose metabolism, thermogenesis, and pancreatic cell functions.

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Several hormones are regulated by circadian rhythms to adjust the metabolism to the light/dark cycles and feeding/activity patterns throughout the day. Circadian rhythms are mainly governed by the central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus but also by clocks present in peripheral organs, like the endocrine pancreas. Plasma glucose levels and the main pancreatic hormones insulin and glucagon also exhibit daily variations. Alterations in circadian rhythms are associated with metabolic disturbances and pathologies such as obesity and diabetes. The molecular components of central and peripheral clocks and their regulatory mechanisms are well established. Among the different clock genes, Rev-erbα is considered one of the key links between circadian rhythms and metabolism. Rev-erbα is a critical part of a negative feedback loop in the core circadian clock and modulates the clock oscillatory properties. In addition, Rev-erbα plays an important role in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism, thermogenesis, adipocyte and muscle differentiation as well as mitochondrial function. In the endocrine pancreas, Rev-erbα regulates insulin and glucagon secretion and pancreatic β-cell proliferation. In the present review, we discuss all these subjects and, particularly, the role of the clock gene Rev-erbα in the endocrine pancreas.

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Role of the clock gene Rev‐erbα in metabolism and in the endocrine pancreas

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