Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products

Jun 26, 2024Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico

Turning cold tumors into hot tumors using drug-loaded nanoparticles

AI simplified

Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Cold tumors resist therapy due to low immune cell infiltration and high expression of immunosuppressive molecules.

Cold tumors are characterized by a lack of antitumor immunity, making them difficult to treat.
The tumor microenvironment is highly immunosuppressive, leading to poor responses to immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
Nanoparticles may enhance the delivery of immune modulatory agents to improve immune cell infiltration in cold tumors.
Recent advances in nanoparticle design focus on targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents and co-delivery with chemotherapy drugs.
Nanoparticles could potentially increase the effectiveness of cancer vaccines and cell therapies against cold tumors.

AI simplified

Cold tumors lack antitumor immunity and are resistant to therapy, representing a major challenge in cancer medicine. Because of the immunosuppressive spirit of the tumor microenvironment (TME), this form of tumor has a low response to immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and also chemotherapy. Cold tumors have low infiltration of immune cells and a high expression of co-inhibitory molecules, such as immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive molecules. Therefore, targeting TME and remodeling immunity in cold tumors can improve the chance of tumor repression after therapy. However, tumor stroma prevents the infiltration of inflammatory cells and hinders the penetration of diverse molecules and drugs. Nanoparticles are an intriguing tool for the delivery of immune modulatory agents and shifting cold to hot tumors. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the ability of nanoparticles loaded with different drugs and products to modulate TME and enhance immune cell infiltration. We also focus on newest progresses in the design and development of nanoparticle-based strategies for changing cold to hot tumors. These include the use of nanoparticles for targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents, such as cytokines, small molecules, and checkpoint inhibitors, and for co-delivery of chemotherapy drugs and immunomodulatory agents. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of nanoparticles for enhancing the efficacy of cancer vaccines and cell therapy for overcoming resistance to treatment.

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (PDF) ↗View full text (HTML) ↗

Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief