Comparative cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide to dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes

Jul 2, 2025Scientific reports

Heart health outcomes of semaglutide compared to dulaglutide in people with type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

The risk for all-cause death was 4.2% in patients receiving semaglutide compared to 5.6% for those receiving dulaglutide over 3 years.

Semaglutide use is associated with a lower risk of all-cause death compared to dulaglutide.
Patients on semaglutide had a significantly reduced risk of acute myocardial infarction (5.2% vs. 5.6%).
The incidence of stroke was lower in the semaglutide group compared to the dulaglutide group (5.8% vs. 6.4%).
There was a reduced risk of acute heart failure in patients taking semaglutide versus those on dulaglutide (5.3% vs. 6.1%).

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Type 2 diabetes significantly increases cardiovascular risk. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, heart failure hospitalizations, and death. However, the comparison among GLP-1 RAs on cardiovascular outcomes is limited. We compared all-cause death and cardiovascular events in patients using semaglutide or dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes. This retrospective observational study used the TriNetX database of deidentified electronic medical records from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020. We identified 4,691,652 patients with type 2 diabetes, among whom 231,075 initiated semaglutide and 189,103 initiated dulaglutide. After propensity score matching, 171,105 patients were included in each group. The primary outcome measure was all-cause death during the 3-year follow-up period.; secondary outcomes were acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute heart failure.Over 3 years, the risk for all-cause death in patients who received semaglutide relative to those who received dulaglutide was significantly lower (4.2% vs. 5.6%, p < 0.001; hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72-0.78). Similarly, patients who received semaglutide were less likely to have acute myocardial infarction (5.2% vs. 5.6%; HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91-0.97; p < 0.001), stroke (5.8% vs. 6.4%; HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.87-0.93; p < 0.001), and acute heart failure (5.3% vs. 6.1%; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85-0.91; p < 0.001).In this multicenter, retrospective, observational study, semaglutide was associated with lower 3-year risks of all-cause death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and acute heart failure compared with dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Key numbers

4.2% vs. 5.6%

Risk Reduction

Cumulative incidence of over 3 years.

5.2% vs. 5.6%

Risk

Incidence rates of over 3 years.

5.8% vs. 6.4%

Risk

Incidence rates of over 3 years.

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Comparative cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide to dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes

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