Darmmikrobiota und Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen: Ein Überblick zu Zusammenhängen und möglichen Implikationen für therapeutische Interventionen

Dec 15, 2023Zeitschrift fur Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie

Links Between Gut Bacteria and Autism and Their Possible Treatment Uses

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Abstract

An altered composition of microbiota in patients with autism spectrum disorder was detected compared to healthy controls.

Correlations between gut microbiota and autism spectrum disorder have been identified.
These correlations may be mediated through the brain-gut-microbiome axis.
Microbiota-induced chronic inflammatory processes could impact brain function.
Promising approaches for improving autistic behavior include dietary changes, prebiotics, probiotics, and stool transplantation.
Specific underlying mechanisms of these correlations remain largely unknown.
Further high-quality clinical studies are needed to understand autism spectrum disorder's pathophysiology.

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Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Correlations and Potential Implications for Therapeutic InterventionsAt the beginning of research on microbiota, researchers focused mainly on the role of microbiota dysbiosis in the development of gastrointestinal diseases. However, over the last years, researchers have also identified correlations with other physical processes and neuropsychiatric diseases such as autism spectrum disorder. These correlations are believed to be at least partly mediated through the brain-gut-microbiome axis. An altered composition of microbiota in patients with autism spectrum disorder was detected compared to healthy controls. Today, the discussion centers around a possible systemic impact of the metabolites of some microbiota or microbiota-induced chronic inflammatory processes on the brain (mediated through the brain-gut-microbiome axis) as an underlying mechanism. Still, the specific underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, so conclusions on therapeutic implications are difficult to determine. Here, we describe some promising approaches to improving autistic behavior through dietary changes, the use of prebiotics and probiotics, stool transplantation from healthy controls, and restricted absorbance of certain metabolites. We need further clinical studies of high quality to fully understand the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder and to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Abstract:

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Darmmikrobiota und Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen: Ein Überblick zu Zusammenhängen und möglichen Implikationen für therapeutische Interventionen

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