Delayed feeding of a high-sucrose diet led to increased body weight by affecting the circadian rhythm of body temperature and hepatic lipid-metabolism genes in rats

Oct 21, 2022The Journal of nutritional biochemistry

Delayed high-sugar feeding increased body weight by changing daily body temperature and liver fat metabolism rhythms in rats

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Abstract

Rats subjected to a 4 h-delayed feeding protocol exhibited increased body weight gain despite not developing fatty liver or hyperlipidemia.

The 4 h-delayed feeding resulted in higher serum insulin concentrations, indicating potential insulin resistance.
Body temperature responses were also delayed by 4 hours, which may lead to reduced energy expenditure.
Gene expression related to lipid and glucose metabolism showed delayed oscillations of approximately 2-4 hours.
Circadian clock genes were delayed by about 2 hours, further indicating disruptions in metabolic regulation.
This delayed feeding pattern in conjunction with a high-sucrose diet is associated with obesity in rats.

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Skipping breakfast is an irregular feeding behavior, typically in young people. In our previous study, we established a 4 h-delayed feeding protocol for rats as a breakfast-skipping model and showed that the 4 h-delayed feeding of a high-fat diet led to body weight gain in rats. Excess sucrose induces metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. Recently, excess sucrose intake has received increased attention. Young people generally consume more sugar than adults do. In the present study, we investigated whether a 4 h-delayed feeding promoted high-sucrose diet-induced abnormalities in lipid metabolism, such as fatty liver and obesity in rats. The 4 h-delayed feeding rats showed increased body weight gain, although it did not induce fatty liver and hyperlipidemia compared to normal feeding rats. Serum insulin concentration during the feeding period was higher than in the control rats, suggesting that slight insulin resistance was induced by the 4 h-delayed feeding. The surge in body temperature was also delayed by 4 h in response to the 4 h-delayed feeding. This delay would result in less energy expenditure to increase body weight. The oscillations of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism-related gene expression were delayed by almost 2-4 h, and the clock genes were delayed by approximately 2 h. The 4 h-delayed feeding induced weight gain by affecting body temperature, insulin resistance, and circadian oscillation of lipid metabolism-related genes in rats fed a high-sucrose diet, suggesting that a high sucrose intake with breakfast skipping leads to obesity.

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Delayed feeding of a high-sucrose diet led to increased body weight by affecting the circadian rhythm of body temperature and hepatic lipid-metabolism genes in rats

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