Breakfast skipping in physically inactive rats led to significant accumulation.
Visceral fat accumulation was significantly increased with breakfast skipping, unlike previous studies.
Both body weight gain and total food intake were similar in breakfast skipping and control groups.
The mRNA levels of genes related to the body’s internal clock and fat production were altered in the liver and fat tissue due to breakfast skipping.
Serum insulin levels were also affected by breakfast skipping.
The findings suggest a synergistic effect of physical inactivity and breakfast skipping on fat accumulation.
Simplified
Physical inactivity as well as breakfast skipping is known as risk factor for various metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. We have previously reported that a breakfast skipping model, in which the timing of feeding is delayed, induces abnormal lipid metabolism by altering the of lipid metabolism-related genes in rats. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the synergistic effect of physical inactivity and breakfast skipping on lipid metabolism. We adopted sciatic neurectomized rats as physically inactive models, because we confirmed that the rats mildly decreased their spontaneous locomotor activity compared to sham-operated rats. And then the physically inactive model rats were fed a mild high-fat diet during zeitgeber time (ZT) 12-0 in the control group and ZT16-0 in the breakfast skipping group for 11 days. Body weight gain and total food intake were similar in both groups. Breakfast skipping induced a significant accumulation, which was not observed in our previous breakfast skipping or physically inactive studies. The mRNA levels of clock and lipogenesis-related genes were altered by breakfast skipping in the liver and epididymal adipose tissue, and serum insulin level was altered by breakfast skipping. These results suggest that physical inactivity and breakfast skipping synergistically induces drastic visceral fat accumulation due to the alteration of circadian clock and lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue. Therefore, regular feeding timing plays an important role in the health of a sedentary modern society.
Key numbers
2.2×
Increase in accumulation
Observed increase in compared to control group.
60%
Decrease in spontaneous locomotor activity
Sciatic neurectomized rats showed decreased activity vs. sham-operated controls.
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