[Depressive Disorder and Gut-brain Interaction].

Jun 10, 2016Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo

Depression and the Interaction Between the Gut and Brain

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Abstract

Individuals with major depressive disorder showed lower bacterial counts of Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus compared to healthy controls.

Depressive disorder is linked to changes in gut microbiota, indicating a potential bidirectional relationship.
Probiotics may help reduce stress responses associated with depression.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often occurs in patients with depressive disorder and involves altered gut microbiota and inflammation.
Animal studies indicate that depression can increase gut permeability and that probiotics may improve depression-like behaviors.
Limited studies have directly examined gut microbiota in patients with depression.

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Depressive disorder is a stress-induced condition, which has been suggested to have bidirectional interactions with the gut microbiota. Probiotics such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have been suggested to mitigate stress response. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a typical phenotype of psychological distress manifested in the gastrointestinal system, and often develops in patients with depressive disorder. The altered gut microbiota and resultant inflammation in the gut play an important role in at least a portion of IBS. Animal models of depression have shown abnormalities in the gut such as increased gut permeability, and the probiotics ameliorate their chronic depression-like behaviors and altered stress responses. There have been only a few studies that have directly investigated the gut microbiota in patients with depression. We reported results suggesting that individuals with lower bacterial counts for Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus are more common in patients with major depressive disorder than in healthy controls. the collectively use of gut microbiota in the diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorder seems to be a promising approach.

[Depressive Disorder and Gut-brain Interaction].

Abstract

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