Loss of diurnal behavioral rhythms and impaired lipid metabolism in growing pigs with mistimed feeding

Oct 6, 2021FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Mistimed feeding disrupts daily activity patterns and fat metabolism in growing pigs

AI simplified

Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Nighttime-restricted feeding in growing pigs disrupted behavioral rhythms and altered serum hormone levels.

Nighttime-restricted feeding (NRF) resulted in disrupted diurnal rhythms of behavior and clock genes compared to daytime-restricted feeding (DRF).
Serum levels of ghrelin, dopamine, and serotonin were lower during both daytime and nighttime in the NRF group.
Microbiome analysis indicated that NRF changed the composition and diurnal rhythm of gut microbiota.
Increased ratios of specific gut bacteria (Catenibacterium:Butyrivibrio and Streptococcus:Butyrivibrio) were observed with NRF.
Physiological indicators showed that NRF decreased melatonin and fibroblast growth factor 21 while increasing lipid levels and the apolipoprotein B/ApoA1 ratio, associated with metabolic syndrome.

AI simplified

The misalignment of eating time and the endogenous circadian rhythm impairs the body's ability to maintain homeostasis. Although it is well established that children and growing animals differ from adults in their energy metabolism and behavioral patterns, little is known about how mistimed feeding disturbs the diurnal rhythms of behavior and metabolism in children and growing diurnal animals. In this study, growing pigs (diurnal animal) were randomly assigned to the daytime-restricted feeding (DRF) and nighttime-restricted feeding (NRF) groups for 5 weeks. Compared with observations in the DRF group, NRF disrupted the diurnal rhythm of behavior and clock genes and lowered the serum ghrelin, dopamine, and serotonin levels during the daytime and nighttime. Microbiome analysis results suggested that NRF altered the diurnal rhythm and composition of the gut microbiota, and increased log-ratios of Catenibacterium:Butyrivibrio and Streptococcus:Butyrivibrio. Based on the serum proteome, the results further revealed that rhythmic and upregulated proteins in NRF were mainly involved in oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, immunity, and cancer biological pathways. Serum physiological indicators further confirmed that NRF decreased the concentration of melatonin and fibroblast growth factor 21 during the daytime and nighttime, increased the diurnal amplitude and concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol, and increased the apolipoprotein B/ApoA1 ratio, which is a marker of metabolic syndrome. Taken together, this study is the first to reveal that mistimed feeding disrupts the behavioral rhythms of growing pigs, reprograms gut microbiota composition, reduces the serum levels of hormones associated with fighting depression and anxiety, and increases the risk of lipid metabolic dysregulation.

Full Text

Full text is available at the source.

View full text (PDF) ↗View full text (XML) ↗View full text ↗

Loss of diurnal behavioral rhythms and impaired lipid metabolism in growing pigs with mistimed feeding

Abstract

Full Text

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief

Abstract

Full Text

Related papers

You found one interesting study. We’ll send the next 7.

what lands in your inbox each week:

Recent issues from the circadian biology brief