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Abstract
Incretin hormones, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are critical regulators of glucose metabolism and cardiovascular health.
- Endogenous GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion and promotes appetite suppression.
- GLP-1 reduces inflammation and improves heart function during low blood flow conditions.
- Endogenous GIP plays a role in insulin secretion and the formation of fat cells.
- In obesity and type 2 diabetes, the secretion of incretins and their insulin-promoting effects are altered.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GLP-1/GIP agonists may help manage metabolic dysfunction and prevent cardiovascular issues.
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