Engineered cell fragments help bone healing by boosting energy production in mitochondria

Laponite-primed apoptotic vesicles (L@Apo) achieve robust bone regeneration in rat femoral defects, surpassing conventional strategies.

• L@Apo is engineered to address bioenergetic crises in bone regeneration by regulating mitochondrial function.
• The vesicles activate a process that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria while promoting the creation of new ones.
• In vitro studies show that L@Apo promotes the formation of bone cells, supports blood vessel growth, and reduces inflammation.
• The delivery system using a thiol-ene hydrogel ensures the sustained release of L@Apo, maintaining mitochondrial health and effectiveness.
• L@Apo enhances energy production through metabolic reprogramming, which is crucial for tissues with high energy requirements.

Simplified