Is evening chronotype associated with higher alcohol consumption? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nov 17, 2023Chronobiology international

Evening people may drink more alcohol: A review and combined analysis

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Abstract

Evening-type individuals are 41% more likely to consume alcohol compared to those with other chronotypes.

33 observational studies involving 28,207 individuals were analyzed to assess the relationship between chronotype and alcohol consumption.
Most studies found that evening-type individuals reported higher volume and frequency of alcohol consumption.
A meta-analysis of 13 studies indicated an odds ratio of 1.41 for alcohol consumption in evening-type individuals.
Limitations include the predominance of cross-sectional studies and inconsistent definitions of alcohol consumption.
The findings suggest an association between evening chronotype and increased alcohol consumption, particularly in young adults.

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A broader understanding of whether and to what extent chronotype should be considered a risk factor for alcohol consumption is needed. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the association between evening chronotype and alcohol consumption. A systematic search of observational studies on this association was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO databases up to April 30, 2023. Random-effect models estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR) of alcohol consumption according to chronotype. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Quality Assessment tool for Observational Cohorts and Cross-sectional Studies from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute were followed. A total of 33 studies involving 28 207 individuals (age range: 18-93 years) were included in this review. Overall, most studies indicated a higher volume and frequency of alcohol consumption in evening-type individuals than in individuals with different chronotypes. Additionally, a meta-analysis including 13 studies showed that evening-type individuals were 41% more likely to consume alcohol than those with other chronotypes (OR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.66; = 38.0%). Limitations of the present findings are the predominance of cross-sectional studies and varied definitions of alcohol consumption. The available evidence supports an association between the evening chronotype and alcohol consumption. The evening-type population, especially young adults, is a specific target for educational interventions for preventing or reducing alcohol consumption.: CRD42022343778. th2I PROSPERO number

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Is evening chronotype associated with higher alcohol consumption? A systematic review and meta-analysis

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