The FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 mothers–newborns gene polymorphisms and maternal fat mass index effects on anthropometric characteristics in newborns

Dec 9, 2016Medicine

How Mothers' FTO and LEPR Gene Variations and Fat Levels Relate to Newborns' Body Measurements

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Abstract

In a study of 355 mother-newborn pairs, variant genotypes of the FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 genes were associated with significant differences in newborn BMI and anthropometric measurements.

Newborns with mothers carrying the AT or AA genotype for FTO rs9939609 had lower BMI and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC).
A significant interaction effect was observed between mother and newborn LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism on birth weight and BMI.
Newborns with the AG + GG genotype of LEPR rs1137101 from mothers with the AA genotype showed increased birth weight and BMI.
Lower BMI scores were found in newborns with the TT genotype of LEPR rs1137101 if their mothers had the AA + AT genotype.
Maternal fat mass index (FMI) positively influenced the BMI of newborns with the AG + GG genotype of LEPR rs1137101.

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The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mothers' and newborns' fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 and leptin receptor (LEPR) rs1137101 gene polymorphisms on neonatal anthropometric parameters in order to identify a potential risk for developing obesity.We performed a cross-sectional study on 355 mother-newborn couples in an Obstetrics Gynecology Tertiary Hospital from Romania, evaluated with regard to anthropometric parameters, clinical and laboratory parameters besides 2 genetic polymorphisms (FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101).Newborns with mothers carrying variant AT or AA genotype for FTO rs9939609 presented lower BMI (P = 0.012) and lower MUAC (P = 0.029). There was a significant interaction effect between newborn and mother LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism on birth weight (P = 0.009) and BMI (P = 0.007). We noticed significantly increased birth weight and BMI in newborns carriers of AG + GG genotype, coming from mothers with AA genotype (P = 0.006). There was no evidence of significant interaction effect between newborn and mother FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on the studied anthropometrical data (P > 0.05). In addition, lower BMI scores (P = 0.042) were observed in newborns carriers of TT genotype whose mothers had AA + AT genotype. Lower MUAC scores (P = 0.041) were noticed in newborns carriers of AA + AT genotype whose mothers had AA + AT genotype for FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism. Newborns carriers of the AG + GG genotype (P = 0.003) of LEPR rs1137101 coming from mothers with increased FMI (upper tertile) had significantly increased BMIs.Presence of the variant A allele of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in mothers decreased BMI and MUAC in newborns. The impact of LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism on BMI and birth weight in newborns differed depending on the presence/absence of the dominant LEPR allele in mothers. In addition, we noticed that maternal FMI presented a significant positive effect on newborns' BMI by changing the effect of LEPR rs1137101.We can conclude that mothers' FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 gene polymorphisms presented an impact on birth weight and newborns' BMI, therefore being involved in the newborns' nutritional status and in the design of a potential protocol.

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The FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 mothers–newborns gene polymorphisms and maternal fat mass index effects on anthropometric characteristics in newborns

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