The association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Polish children.

Jul 14, 2012Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society

Link between FTO gene variant rs9939609, obesity, and heart disease risk factors in Polish children

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Abstract

The FTO rs9939609 T>A gene variant was studied in 968 Polish children aged 4 to 18 years.

The FTO gene variant is associated with standardized values of body mass, height, BMI, and circumferences of the waist, hip, and arm.
Obese children show a strong recessive effect of the A-allele, with an odds ratio of 2.11 compared to normal-weight children.
Associations were observed between the FTO variant and blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance, although only the latter remained significant when accounting for BMI.
The polymorphism may partially explain obesity predisposition in Polish children, with potential indirect effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

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The phenomenon of excessive body mass increase in the general population of children and adults in the past few decades and has been attributed to environmental changes, especially when superimposed on a predisposing genetic background. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has recently become one of the most extensively investigated genes associated with body mass. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of the FTO rs9939609 T>A single-nucleotide polymorphism with selected anthropometric and metabolic parameters and blood pressure in a large population of Polish children. A total of 968 children aged 4 to 18 years were included in the study. Genotyping was performed using a TaqMan assay. The rs9939609 marker was associated with standardised (standard deviation scores, SDSs) values of body mass, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference and arm circumference. When we compared normal-weight with obese children we observed a strong recessive predisposing effect of the A-allele (OR=2.11 95% CI: 1.50-2.99, p=2.23 x 10(-6) for AA vs. TT+AT). Univariate analysis revealed associations of the FTO gene variants with the values of blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose and HOMA insulin resistance index. After taking into account SDS BMI only the association with HOMA remained statistically significant. The FTO gene polymorphism may partially explain the predisposition to obesity in the population of Polish children. The potential effect on the remaining cardiovascular risk factors seems indirect and dependent on BMI changes. The polymorphism may be independently associated with insulin resistance.

The association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Polish children.

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