Analytical chemistryApr 21, 2026

Fast and Accurate Detection of Stomach Cancer Particles Using a Cas12a-Based Sensor with a New Targeting Molecule

CRISPR Gene Editing Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Apr 22, 2026

Abstract

A novel aptamer, H-EV-4-1, has a high affinity of 13.32 ± 2.69 nM for extracellular vesicles derived from gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer has a significant disparity in five-year survival rates between early stage (>90%) and advanced stage (<30%).
Current diagnostic methods for gastric cancer, such as serum biomarkers and endoscopy, are either insufficiently sensitive or invasive.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potential biomarkers for liquid biopsies but often lack specific identification methods for those derived from gastric cancer.
The isolated aptamer, H-EV-4-1, shows high specificity for gastric cancer EVs, addressing a major limitation in current detection methods.
A CRISPR-Cas12a-based biosensor utilizing H-EV-4-1 enables rapid and sensitive detection of gastric cancer EVs.

Simplified

Gastric cancer remains a predominant contributor to global cancer-related mortality, characterized by a pronounced disparity in five-year survival rates between early stage (>90%) and advanced-stage (<30%) disease. This disparity underscores the urgent necessity for accessible early detection methods. Present diagnostic approaches, such as serum biomarkers and endoscopy, either lack adequate sensitivity or are invasive. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy; however, a major limitation is the lack of probes that can specifically identify EVs derived from gastric cancer, as most existing markers are broad-spectrum and exhibit low specificity. To address this limitation, we isolated high-purity EVs from gastric cancer cells and utilized a combined immunomagnetic bead-based SELEX strategy to identify a novel aptamer, H-EV-4-1, which demonstrates high affinity (= 13.32 ± 2.69 nM) and specificity for gastric cancer EVs. Subsequently, this aptamer was incorporated into a CRISPR-Cas12a-based biosensor. The aptamer was hybridized with a biotinylated oligonucleotide (H1-biotin) and immobilized on magnetic beads. Upon binding of the target EVs, the aptamer was displaced, thereby exposing H1-biotin to activate the Cas12a/crRNA complex. This activation induced the-cleavage of a fluorescent reporter, producing a quantifiable signal. This aptasensor facilitates the rapid, highly sensitive, and specific detection of gastric cancer EVs, presenting a promising platform for the development of noninvasive, point-of-care early diagnostic tools. K trans d

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Fast and Accurate Detection of Stomach Cancer Particles Using a Cas12a-Based Sensor with a New Targeting Molecule

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