GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists: Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Jul 20, 2013Cardiovascular therapeutics

How GLP-1 receptor activators may reduce heart disease risk

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Abstract

GLP-1 receptor agonists liraglutide and exenatide may significantly reduce cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Liraglutide and exenatide effectively lower blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
These medications are associated with significant weight loss and a reduction in systolic blood pressure.
Improvements in lipid levels have been observed with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists.
In vitro studies and animal models suggest potential direct effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on heart cells and blood vessel lining.

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Comorbid obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension place patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at greatly increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease-related morbidity and mortality. An urgent need exists for effective treatment for patients with T2DM that encompasses glycemic control, weight loss, and reduction in CV risk factors. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) liraglutide and exenatide are incretin-based antidiabetes agents. This review examines CV-associated effects of liraglutide and exenatide in animal models and clinical trials with patients with T2DM. Studies support the effectiveness of GLP-1 RAs in reducing hyperglycemia. Further, GLP-1 RAs represent a significant advance in T2DM treatment because they uniquely affect a broad array of CV risk factors through significant weight and systolic blood pressure reduction, improved lipid levels, and possibly, as shown in in vitro studies and animal models, through direct effects on cardiac myocytes and endothelium.

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GLP‐1 Receptor Agonists: Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

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