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Gut Melatonin in Vertebrates: Chronobiology and Physiology
Melatonin in the Digestive System of Vertebrates: Daily Rhythms and Body Functions
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Abstract
Melatonin levels in the gut of carp show significant daily variations, peaking at midday across all seasons.
- Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) is identified as the main regulator of melatonin production.
- Unlike the pineal gland, gut melatonin does not respond directly to light-dark cycles.
- The temporal pattern of melatonin in the gut may be influenced by environmental non-photic cues.
- Gut-derived melatonin may have unique physiological roles, acting locally through paracrine and/or autocrine functions.
- Evidence suggests a relationship between gut-derived melatonin and melatonin produced in the pineal gland across vertebrates.
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