The connection between gut bacteria and brain function

Gut microbiota affects the brain's physiological, behavioral, and cognitive functions.

• The gut microbiota-brain axis involves the gut microbiota and their metabolic products, as well as various nervous and immune systems.
• Five potential communication routes between gut microbiota and the brain have been identified.
• These routes include the neural network of the gut-brain connection, the neuroendocrine system, and interactions with the immune system.
• Some neurotransmitters and neural regulators produced by gut bacteria may play a role in this communication.
• The microbiome defines the composition and functional characteristics of gut microbiota, with metagenomics serving as a valuable technique for characterization.

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