Unveiling the complex interplay between gut microbiota and polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative review

Oct 31, 2024Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

How Gut Bacteria and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Are Connected: A Review

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Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

Alterations in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota are observed in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).

There is a complex relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic processes such as short chain fatty acids metabolism and intestinal permeability.
Factors including diet, lifestyle, genetics, and environmental influences may contribute to changes in gut microbiota, impacting PCOS symptoms.
Current literature highlights the potential role of gut microbiota in the etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS.
Emerging evidence indicates that disturbances in gut microbiota could lead to specific pathogenic changes associated with the development of PCOS.

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BACKGROUND & AIM: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women throughout their reproductive age and characterised via polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and irregular menstruation. There is rising evidence that the pathophysiology of PCOS is significantly affected via the gut microbiota and its metabolic products.

METHODS: This narrative review synthesizes current literature exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and PCOS. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Further this review also analysed therapeutic options of probiotics, prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT), high fiber and poly phenol rich diet and novel therapeutic agents in treatment of PCOS.

RESULTS: Emerging evidence suggests alterations in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in women with PCOS. The current literature showed a complex relationship of gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism, intestinal permeability and LPS (Lipid Polysaccharide) metabolism, gut-brain axis and bile acid (BA) pathway within etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. Additionally, the factors such as diet, lifestyle, genetics, and environmental influences may all contribute to alterations in gut microbiota that could potentially exacerbate or mitigate PCOS symptoms.

CONCLUSION: The review provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between the gut and female reproductive health. The present evidence suggested that alterations in diversity and function of the gut microbiota may lead to specific pathogenic changes that lead to development of PCOS. A comprehensive understanding of these microbial dynamics may lead to new therapeutic approaches that target the gut micro biome.

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Unveiling the complex interplay between gut microbiota and polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative review

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