Biomedical journalSep 14, 2026

Using Incretin-Based Treatments in Patient Care

GLP-1 Therapies Weekly Brief ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Updated Sep 15, 2026

Abstract

Incretin-based therapies are associated with improvements in obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

These medications may improve chronic kidney disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Incretin therapies are linked to positive outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea.
The review evaluates evidence for each indication, organized by study design and endpoint status.
A practical framework for integrating incretin therapy into patient care is proposed.
Considerations include agent selection based on comorbidities and long-term management strategies.

Simplified

Incretin-based therapies have changed the landscape of modern medical practice. Obesity-related disease processes including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and obstructive sleep apnea improve in patients treated with these medications, and several now carry organ-specific regulatory indications. In this narrative review we summarize the mechanisms through which these medications act, appraise the evidence for each indication by study design and endpoint status, and set out a practical framework for integrating incretin therapy into care outside endocrinology, covering agent selection by dominant comorbidity, sequencing with other disease-modifying therapy, monitoring, safety and long-term management, and prescribing where access is constrained.

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Using Incretin-Based Treatments in Patient Care

Abstract

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