Irisin’s role in the connection between muscles and brain: How it works and possible medical uses

Irisin, a peptide hormone released during muscle contraction, is associated with various neuroprotective effects and metabolic adaptations.

• Irisin is produced by the cleavage of a specific protein and acts as a key regulator of both neurotrophic and metabolic responses.
• It is expressed not only in muscle but also in fat and nerve tissues, utilizing several mechanisms to exert its effects.
• Irisin activates pathways that enhance mitochondrial production, promote cellular cleanup processes, improve resistance to oxidative stress, and modulate inflammation.
• In the brain, irisin boosts the expression of a growth factor important for neuron health and supports processes related to memory and learning.
• Experimental studies indicate that irisin may reduce amyloid levels, mitigate certain protein pathologies, decrease inflammation in the brain, and maintain blood-brain barrier stability.
• In muscle tissue, irisin encourages muscle growth, promotes anabolic activity, and enhances metabolic efficiency, indicating potential benefits for age-related muscle and metabolic issues.

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