Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide Regulates Fatty Hepatosis Through Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Rat

Aug 29, 2024Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)

Seaweed Polysaccharide May Improve Fatty Liver by Changing Bile Acids and Gut Bacteria in Diabetic Rats

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Abstract

Fucoidan treatment resulted in a reduction of triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels in diabetic rats.

Fucoidan inhibited weight loss in diabetic rats.
Liver fat accumulation decreased following fucoidan treatment, as indicated by oil red O staining.
Fucoidan increased the abundance of specific gut bacteria associated with metabolic health.
The treatment promoted the secretion of certain secondary bile acids linked to lipid metabolism.
Fucoidan regulated lipid metabolism by affecting the expression of key proteins related to bile acid signaling.

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In this study, we examined the effect of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (fucoidan) on the regulation of lipid metabolism. A rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM) was established by a high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin. Changes in the rats' body weight and blood glucose level during the experiment were recorded. Before the end of the experiment, an automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid content in serum, and insulin content, and calculate the insulin resistance index. Oil red O staining was used to detect lipid deposition in the liver. H&E staining, Masson staining, and PASM staining were used to observe the pathological structural changes in the liver. 16 s RNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics were used to detect intestinal microbiota and bile acid content. The results showed that fucoidan was able to inhibit weight loss in the DM rats and reduce the content of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in serum. Oil red O staining showed a decrease in liver fat accumulation after fucoidan treatment. 16 s RNA sequencing demonstrated that fucoidan increased the abundance of Bacteroidia, Campylobacteria, Clostridia, Gammaproteobacteria, Negativicutes, and Verrucomicrobi. Fucoidan also increased the secretion of secondary bile acids (Nor-DCA, TLCA, β-UDCA) and alleviated lipid metabolism disorders. The expression of α-SMA was inhibited by fucoidan, whereas the expression of FXR and TGR5 was promoted. Fucoidan shows good activity in regulating lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of FXR and TGR5 and acting on the intestinal flora-bile acid axis.

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Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide Regulates Fatty Hepatosis Through Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Rat

Abstract

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