Targeting Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Autophagy in Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

Alzheimer's disease is associated with the accumulation of toxic proteins due to dysregulated autophagy and may involve liquid-liquid phase separation.

• Alzheimer's disease is characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss, driven by the presence of amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles.
• Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) may facilitate protein aggregation, potentially contributing to the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
• Dysregulated autophagy leads to an accumulation of toxic proteins, such as amyloid-beta and tau, which could worsen neurodegeneration.
• The interplay between LLPS and autophagy in Alzheimer's disease is often overlooked but may have important implications for understanding its pathology.
• Natural and non-natural compounds, including curcumin, could have therapeutic potential in modulating LLPS and autophagy, though a comprehensive framework for their use is still being developed.

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