Evidence for a causal effect of major depressive disorder, anxiety on prostatitis risk: A univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study

Jul 28, 2023The Prostate

Genetic Evidence That Depression and Anxiety May Increase Prostatitis Risk

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Abstract

Genetically determined major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a 47% increased risk of prostatitis.

MDD was assessed using 97 independent genetic markers, while anxiety was assessed with 15 markers.
Univariable analysis indicated that MDD has a causal effect on prostatitis risk (odds ratio = 1.47).
No causal relationship was identified between anxiety and prostatitis (odds ratio = 0.25).
Adjustments for confounding factors like body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking maintained the association between MDD and prostatitis.
The findings suggest that addressing MDD could be important in managing prostatitis risk.

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BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown an association between major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, and prostatitis. However, the causal relationship between MDD, anxiety, and prostatitis remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to use two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal effects of MDD and anxiety on prostatitis.

METHODS: We conducted univariable and multivariable MR analyses using summary statistics from publicly available genome-wide association studies to estimate the causal relationships between MDD, anxiety, and prostatitis risk. In the main MR analysis, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used, while secondary methods included the weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger regression, and MR pleiotropy residual and outlier (MR-PRESSO) tests to detect and correct for the presence of pleiotropy.

RESULTS: MDD had 97 independent instrumental variables (IVs) and anxiety had 15 IVs. Univariable MR analysis showed that genetically determined MDD had a detrimental causal effect on prostatitis (IVW: odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-1.92, p = 0.005), while no causal relationship was found between anxiety and prostatitis (IVW: OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.02-2.82, p = 0.26). More convincingly, after adjusting for confounding factors such as body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking, the genetic liability for MDD remained associated with prostatitis risk, with no strong evidence of anxiety affecting prostatitis incidence.

CONCLUSION: This study supports the notion that MDD has a detrimental effect on prostatitis risk, and strategies focused on addressing MDD may be one of the cornerstones for treating prostatitis. The potential preventive value of treating MDD for prostatitis should be further investigated in future research.

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Evidence for a causal effect of major depressive disorder, anxiety on prostatitis risk: A univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study

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