Effect of meal timing and glycaemic index on glucose control and insulin secretion in healthy volunteers

Highest glucose values were observed when large 5021 kJ (1200 kcal) high-GI suppers were consumed.

• Shiftworkers may be at increased risk for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes due to their timing of food intake.
• Eating a larger proportion of daily carbohydrates late in the evening is associated with higher glucose levels.
• Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion are influenced by both the timing of meals and the glycaemic index of foods.
• Insulin sensitivity is significantly worse when high-energy meals are consumed in the evening.
• Avoiding large, high-GI meals in the evening could help improve post-meal glucose levels.

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