Coordinated changes in microbiota features, short-chain fatty acids, and peripheral clocks accompany fructo-oligosaccharide–associated metabolic improvement

FOS supplementation reduced weight gain, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity.

• High-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders are linked to disruptions in the body's natural timing for glucose and fat processing.
• Supplementation with fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) restored the daily patterns of important metabolic and circadian clock genes in tissues.
• FOS altered gut microbiota composition by increasing beneficial bacterial genera.
• The rhythmic production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut was improved with FOS supplementation.
• There are strong connections between FOS-induced changes in gut microbiota rhythms and enhanced metabolic health in the host.

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