Validation of Horne and Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire in a Middle-Aged Population of French Workers

The adapted morning/evening questionnaire identified 28.1% as morning types and 20.2% as evening types among 566 middle-aged workers.

• The sample consisted of non-shift workers aged 51.2 years on average, with no reported sleep disorders.
• New cutoffs for morning and evening types were established based on three clusters derived from the questionnaire data.
• Evening types tended to have later bedtimes and wake-up times, with increased sleep needs and morning sleepiness.
• A positive correlation between age and morningness was observed, indicating older individuals may lean more towards being morning types.
• The findings suggest that evening types are present in this middle-aged group, supporting the need for further research on age-related sleep changes.

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