Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire: Reliability and factorial structure of the full and reduced versions in Spanish adolescents

May 28, 2025Chronobiology international

Reliability and structure of full and short morningness-eveningness questionnaires in Spanish teenagers

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Abstract

A total of 2,268 adolescents participated in the analysis of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), resulting in a reliable 15-item version (MEQ-15).

  • Four items from the original MEQ were deemed unsuitable for Spanish adolescents, leading to the development of the MEQ-15.
  • The MEQ-15 demonstrated good reliability and fit to a bifactor model, which includes various factors related to morningness-eveningness.
  • A reduced version of the MEQ (rMEQ) also exhibited compatibility with a one-factor model.
  • The general factor of both MEQ-15 and rMEQ showed invariance across different ages and sexes.
  • Findings indicate that morningness tends to decline during adolescence, with boys exhibiting greater morningness compared to girls.
  • Both the MEQ-15 and rMEQ displayed strong psychometric properties.

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Full Text

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