-based combinational strategies may enhance drug penetration into the brain for glioblastoma multiforme treatment.
The and present significant challenges for drug delivery in glioblastoma multiforme.
Combining nanoparticles with various delivery methods could improve drug permeability across these barriers.
Cell-based drug delivery utilizes engineered cells as carriers to transport therapeutic agents effectively.
Viral drug delivery employs engineered viruses to target and deliver therapeutic payloads within the glioblastoma microenvironment.
Focused ultrasound can temporarily disrupt the blood-brain barrier, potentially increasing drug delivery efficiency.
Magnetic nanoparticles can be guided by an external magnetic field to enhance targeted drug delivery.
Simplified
The (BBB) and (BTB) pose substantial challenges to efficacious drug delivery for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. -based combinational strategies have emerged as promising modalities to overcome these barriers and enhance drug penetration into the brain parenchyma. This review discusses various nanoparticle-based combinatorial approaches that combine nanoparticles with cell-based drug delivery, viral drug delivery, focused ultrasound, magnetic field, and intranasal drug delivery to enhance drug permeability across the BBB and BTB. Cell-based drug delivery involves using engineered cells as carriers for nanoparticles, taking advantage of their intrinsic migratory and homing capabilities to facilitate the transport of therapeutic payloads across BBB and BTB. Viral drug delivery uses engineered viral vectors to deliver therapeutic genes or payloads to specific cells within the GBM microenvironment. Focused ultrasound, coupled with microbubbles or nanoparticles, can temporarily disrupt the BBB to increase drug permeability. Magnetic field-guided drug delivery exploits magnetic nanoparticles to facilitate targeted drug delivery under an external magnetic field. Intranasal drug delivery offers a minimally invasive avenue to bypass the BBB and deliver therapeutic agents directly to the brain via olfactory and trigeminal pathways. By combining these strategies, synergistic effects can enhance drug delivery efficiency, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce off-target effects. Future research should focus on optimizing nanoparticle design, exploring new combination strategies, and advancing preclinical and clinical investigations to promote the translation of nanoparticle-based combination therapies for GBM.
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