The role of nausea in food intake and body weight suppression by peripheral GLP-1 receptor agonists, exendin-4 and liraglutide

All doses of exendin-4 that suppress food intake also produce conditioned taste avoidance.

• One dose of liraglutide suppresses food intake without causing conditioned taste avoidance.
• Chronic administration of exendin-4 leads to increased ingestion of nonnutritive substances while maintaining reduced food intake and body weight.
• The pica response from exendin-4 is linked to brain activation rather than vagal pathways.
• Exendin-4 administration to the medial subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarius reduces food intake and triggers a pica response, indicating this area may mediate nausea responses.

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