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New therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes: anaesthetic considerations. A narrative review
New Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes and Their Effects on Anesthesia
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Abstract
An increasing number of patients treated with novel antidiabetic drugs are presenting in the perioperative period.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists are known to delay gastric emptying, though current data on this effect are preliminary and conflicting.
- SGLT2 inhibitors may be associated with euglycemic ketoacidosis during the perioperative period.
- Gastric ultrasound may help assess residual gastric content and stratify aspiration risk in patients undergoing surgery.
- Recommendations for managing patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors during surgery are largely based on expert opinion and consensus.
- Key perioperative considerations and potential adverse effects of these drug classes are summarized to aid practitioners.
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