New Methods for Controlling Biofilms Using Gene Editing and Computer Models

Biofilms are microbial communities that significantly contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in various settings.

• The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix in biofilms enhances microbial survival and inhibits antibiotic penetration.
• Biofilms facilitate horizontal gene transfer, which worsens the AMR crisis.
• Conventional antimicrobial treatments often fail against biofilms, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.
• Emerging interventions include nanotechnology-based antimicrobials, bacteriophage therapy, and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.
• AI and machine learning are advancing biofilm prediction models and optimizing antimicrobial treatments.

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