Normal diet Vs High fat diet - A comparative study: Behavioral and neuroimmunological changes in adolescent male mice.

Nov 5, 2017Metabolic brain disease

Behavior and brain immune system changes in adolescent male mice on normal versus high-fat diets

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Abstract

High-fat diet (HFD) intake in adolescent mice led to notable behavioral changes and metabolic impairments within just 3 weeks.

Weight gain and impaired glucose tolerance were observed in mice after short-term HFD consumption.
Depression-like behavior was indicated by a decrease in grooming and an increase in immobility in behavioral tests by the end of the third week.
By the fourth week, behavioral symptoms intensified, including further reductions in grooming and crossings, alongside increased immobility.
Hippocampal analysis at six weeks showed reduced neuron numbers, altered receptor expression, and increased markers of inflammation in HFD mice.
These findings suggest that adolescent mice may be particularly sensitive to the negative effects of high-fat diets on mood and cognitive functions.

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Recent evidence has established that consumption of High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory/learning and mood states. Nevertheless the link between obesity and emotional disorders still remains to be elucidated. This issue is of particular interest during adolescence, which is important period for shaping learning/memory and mood regulation that can be sensitive to the detrimental effects of HFD. Our present study is focused to investigate behavioral and metabolic influences of short-term HFD intake in adolescent C57BL/6 mice. HFD caused weight gain, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and depression-like behavior as early as after 3 weeks which was clearly proved by a decrease in number of groomings in the open field test (OFT) and an increase in immobility time in the tail suspension test (TST). In the 4th week HFD induced obese model was fully developed and above behavioral symptoms were more dominant (decrease in number of crossings and groomings and increase in immobility time in both FST and TST). At the end of 6th week hippocampal analysis revealed the differences in morphology (reduced Nissl positive neurons and decreased the 5-HTreceptor expression), neuronal survival (increased cleaved caspase-3 expression), synaptic plasticity (down regulation of p-CREB and BDNF), and inflammatory responses (increase in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease in expression of anti-inflammatory cyokines) in HFD mice. Our results demonstrate that, high-fat feeding of adolescent mice could provoke "depression-like" behavior as early as 3 weeks and modulate structure, neuron survival and neuroinflammation in hippocampus as early as 6 weeks proving that adolescent age is much prone to adverse effects of HFD, which causes obesity, behavioral differences, memory and learning deficiencies. 1A

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Normal diet Vs High fat diet - A comparative study: Behavioral and neuroimmunological changes in adolescent male mice.

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