Nutritional status and eating habits of bus drivers during the day and night

Sep 19, 2014Chronobiology international

Bus drivers' nutrition and eating habits during day and night shifts

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Abstract

Night workers had a mean waist circumference of 103.2 ± 9.7 cm, significantly higher than the 98.5 ± 10.7 cm of day workers.

Night workers showed a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (90.2%) compared to day workers (78.2%).
A significant difference was observed in meat consumption, with night workers consuming an average of 2.3 servings, while day workers averaged 2.0 servings.
Fruit intake was greater among night workers, averaging 0.9 servings compared to 0.7 servings for day workers.
Night workers had a lower intake of vegetables than recommended, with 100% not meeting the criteria versus 92.7% of day workers.
Higher oil consumption was noted in night workers at 40.7% compared to 24.6% in day workers.
Multivariate analysis indicated that night work is associated with increased risks of being overweight and abnormal waist circumference.

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The aim of this study was to compare anthropometry and food intake patterns in bus drivers working during the day and night. One hundred and fifty males (81 night workers and 69 day workers) participated in the study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Measurements of height, weight, waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profile were obtained. A significant difference between groups was observed for mean WC (98.5 ± 10.7 cm in day workers versus 103.2 ± 9.7 cm in night workers; p = 0.005). Night workers had higher prevalence of being overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) than day workers (78.2% day workers versus 90.2% night workers; p = 0.004) and increased WC (>94 cm) (72.4% day workers versus 86.4% night workers; p = 0.03). Significant differences were found for meat consumption (2.3 servings ±0.9 for night workers versus 2.0 servings ±0.7 day workers, p = 0.04) and fruit intake (0.9 servings ±0.4 for night workers versus 0.7 servings for day workers ±0.5; p = 0.006). Night workers had a lower intake of vegetables than recommended compared to day workers (100 versus 92.7%, respectively, p = 0.01) and higher intake of oil (40.7 versus 24.6%, p = 0.03). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that night work was associated with being overweight (OR = 2.94, 95% IC: 1.14-7.66, p = 0.03) and abnormal values of WC (OR = 2.82, 95% IC: 1.20-6.69, p = 0.009) after adjusting for potential confounders. It is concluded that night workers had a higher prevalence and risk of being overweight/obese and increased WC compared with day workers. Night workers also presented a higher proportion of inappropriate intakes of food groups when compared to day workers, even though both groups were eating poor diets. These results demonstrate the need of lifestyle-intervention programs in these workers.

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Nutritional status and eating habits of bus drivers during the day and night

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