Differential effects of permanent and rotating shifts on self-report sleep length: a meta-analytic review.

Permanent night shifts resulted in a decrease in sleep length, while permanent evening shifts resulted in an increase.

• Permanent night shifts are associated with a reduction in sleep length compared to permanent day shifts.
• Permanent evening shifts are associated with an increase in sleep length compared to permanent day shifts.
• Morning shifts within rotating schedules are linked to a moderate negative effect on sleep length.
• Slowly rotating shifts generally have the least detrimental effect on sleep length among the shift-work schedules studied.
• Nights on rotating shifts have a greater negative impact on sleep length than permanent night shifts.

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