Remodeling gut microbiota and enhancing SCFA production in mice: mechanisms of RS2 and arabinoxylan in ameliorating PCOS phenotypes

Nov 25, 2025BMC endocrine disorders

How Resistant Starch and Arabinoxylan Change Gut Bacteria and Increase Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Improve PCOS Symptoms in Mice

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Abstract

RS2 and AX reduced body weight and improved insulin sensitivity in mice over 35 days.

  • Insulin sensitivity improved as indicated by lower HOMA-IR levels (p < 0.05).
  • Regular estrous cycles were restored in RS2 and AX treated PCOS mice.
  • The treatment reduced the presence of ovarian cystic follicles in the PCOS model.
  • Increased levels of Ligilactobacillus were observed in the gut microbiota of treated groups (p < 0.05).
  • Higher serum levels of , specifically acetic acid and butyrate, were associated with the interventions.
  • Increased expression of AMPK signaling proteins was noted in the liver of treated PCOS mice (p < 0.05).

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Key numbers

p < 0.05
Decrease in HOMA-IR
Significant reduction in insulin resistance markers in RS2 and AX groups.
36 mice
Weight Loss
Total number of healthy female C57BL/6 mice used in the interventions.

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