The vicious circle between physical, psychological, and physiological characteristics of shift work in nurses: a multidimensional approach

Apr 17, 2021Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung

The cycle linking body, mind, and health effects of shift work in nurses

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Abstract

Rotating shift nurses had higher mean BMI and increased total and abdominal fat compared to morning shift nurses.

The rotating shift group scored lower on quality of life measurements, as indicated by SF-36 scores.
All nurses exhibited reduced physical activity levels, with significant negative correlations found in the rotating shift group between physical activity and fatigue and depression scores.
Fifty-three percent of nurses reported poor sleep quality, with the rotating shift group having worse sleep quality than the morning shift group.
Sleep quality was inversely related to quality of life scores and positively correlated with fatigue, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat.

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PURPOSE: To compare physical, psychological, and physiological adaptations between rotating and morning shift health workers using objective and subjective approaches.

METHODS: Forty nurses [n = 20 morning shift (MS) group; n = 20 rotating shift (RS) group] were evaluated for anthropometry, body composition, and handgrip strength. Quality of life, depression, fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and sleep quality were assessed with SF-36, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and triaxial accelerometers. Sleep-related data were monitored with sleep actigraphy. Salivary melatonin levels were analyzed before/after sleep, and blood lipid profiles were measured the following morning.

RESULTS: The RS group had higher mean BMI and total and abdominal fat and scored lower in the SF-36 (p < 0.01). All nurses showed reduced physical activity levels, which, in the RS group, were negatively correlated with FSS (p = 0.033) and SDS scores (p = 0.025). Poor sleep was revealed in 53% of nurses. The RS group had worse sleep quality by PSQI than the MS group (p = 0.045). PSQI scores were inversely related to SF-36 scores and positively correlated with FSS, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: RS nurses showed increased body mass and total and abdominal fat along with decreased quality of life and sleep quality compared to MS counterparts. A strong relationship was found between physical, psychological, and physiological domains. Further studies should consider workplace interventions to prevent obesity, promote physical activity, and manage poor sleeping patterns in nurses.

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The vicious circle between physical, psychological, and physiological characteristics of shift work in nurses: a multidimensional approach

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