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Abstract
Shift work disorder (SWD) affects up to 2 million Americans and is associated with various health risks.
- SWD is characterized by excessive sleepiness during work and insomnia during scheduled sleep times.
- It is linked to increased morbidity and mortality from metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, depression, accidents, and certain cancers.
- Diagnosis can be made solely based on patient history using established criteria.
- Treatment options are limited, yet may include behavioral strategies and pharmacologic interventions.
- Medications like modafinil and armodafinil have shown effectiveness in reducing symptoms of SWD.
- Combined therapy may improve sleep duration, reduce insomnia and excessive sleepiness, and enhance attention and alertness during shifts.
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