Sleep disturbance is predictive of psychotic-like experiences among adolescents: A two-wave longitudinal survey

Dec 5, 2022Sleep medicine

Sleep problems may predict psychotic-like experiences in adolescents over time

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Abstract

The prevalence of sleep disturbance and frequent psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among adolescents was 14.1% and 14.5%, respectively.

Sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation at Time 1 were significantly associated with an increased risk for PLEs at Time 2.
Adjustments for sample characteristics, depression, and negative life events did not alter the association between sleep issues and PLEs.
Sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation predicted both the new onset and persistence of PLEs.
These findings suggest that early identification and management of sleep disturbances could be important in addressing PLEs.

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PURPOSE: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are prevalent among adolescents and are the most significant predictor of future mental disorders. This study aims to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep disturbance and PLEs in a large cohort of adolescents.

METHODS: The 17,722 adolescents in our study were assessed from April 21 to May 12, 2021 (Time 1, T1) and again 6 months later from December 17 to 26, 2021 (Time 2, T2). The Youth Self Rating Insomnia Scale and 8-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences were used to assess sleep and PLEs, respectively. Sample characteristics and depression were also evaluated at T1, and negative life events were measured at T2. Sleep duration ≤6 h per night was considered as sleep deprivation, and sleep disturbance was defined as having insomnia or poor sleep quality.

RESULTS: The prevalence of sleep disturbance and frequent PLEs at T1 were 14.1% and 14.5%, respectively. Sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation at T1 were significantly associated with increased risk for PLEs at T2 after adjusting for sample characteristics, depression, and negative life events. Furthermore, sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation also predicted the new onset and persistence of PLEs.

CONCLUSION: Sleep disturbance predicts the development and persistence of PLEs. Early assessment and treatment of sleep disturbance may therefore contribute to a comprehensive strategy for the successful prevention and treatment of PLEs in adolescents.

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Sleep disturbance is predictive of psychotic-like experiences among adolescents: A two-wave longitudinal survey

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