Sleep, immunity and inflammation in gastrointestinal disorders

Jan 11, 2014World journal of gastroenterology

How Sleep, Immune Response, and Inflammation Relate in Digestive Diseases

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Circadian Biology on OpenScience ↗PubMed ↗DOI ↗

Abstract

An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of sleep disorder.

Certain sleep disorders are associated with neurocognitive impairment, including decreased cognitive ability and slower response times.
Individuals with sleep abnormalities may face increased risks of serious health issues and higher all-cause mortality.
Research supports a link between sleep, immune function, and gastrointestinal diseases.
Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1, are significant contributors to sleep disturbances.
Sleep deprivation may increase levels of inflammatory cytokines, affecting gastrointestinal diseases like inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.

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Sleep disorders have become a global issue, and discovering their causes and consequences are the focus of many research endeavors. An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of sleep disorder. Certain sleep disorders have been shown to cause neurocognitive impairment such as decreased cognitive ability, slower response times and performance detriments. Recent research suggests that individuals with sleep abnormalities are also at greater risk of serious adverse health, economic consequences, and most importantly increased all-cause mortality. Several research studies support the associations among sleep, immune function and inflammation. Here, we review the current research linking sleep, immune function, and gastrointestinal diseases and discuss the interdependent relationship between sleep and these gastrointestinal disorders. Different physiologic processes including immune system and inflammatory cytokines help regulate the sleep. The inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-6 have been shown to be a significant contributor of sleep disturbances. On the other hand, sleep disturbances such as sleep deprivation have been shown to up regulate these inflammatory cytokines. Alterations in these cytokine levels have been demonstrated in certain gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastro-esophageal reflux, liver disorders and colorectal cancer. In turn, abnormal sleep brought on by these diseases is shown to contribute to the severity of these same gastrointestinal diseases. Knowledge of these relationships will allow gastroenterologists a great opportunity to enhance the care of their patients.

Sleep, immunity and inflammation in gastrointestinal disorders

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