A analysis suggested sleep duration may be linked to Parkinson disease risk, with no reverse causal signal from Parkinson disease to sleep traits.
Evidence
This bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study used GWAS data for six sleep traits and Parkinson disease, with IVW as the primary method and sensitivity checks for heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out stability.
Caveat
Several reported forward associations had wide confidence intervals and nonsignificant P values, so the sleep trait-Parkinson disease claims need verification in larger, more detailed phenotypic studies.
Simplified
Parkinson disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. The investigation of the causal relationship between sleep characteristics and PD is of great significance for the development of effective strategies for early prevention and intervention. This research employed bidirectional 2-sample (MR) using genome wide association studies data to investigate the causal association between chronotype, daytime dozing, sleep duration, insomnia, nap during day, snoring, and PD. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary method. The Cochran Q test was used to check the heterogeneity of the single nucleotide polymorphisms effect. The MR Egger intercept test assessed horizontal pleiotropy. Lastly, leave-one-out analysis ensured result stability. The results of the forward MR indicated that the IVW method revealed significant positive correlations between chronotype (odds ratio [OR] = 1.240, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.770-1.998, P = .377), daytime dozing (OR = 2.566, 95% CI = 0.351-8.771, P = .353), sleep duration (OR = 2.069, 95% CI = 1.247-3.433, P = .005) with PD. However, insomnia (OR = 0.823, 95% CI = 0.206-3.290, P = .738), nap during day (OR = 0.831, 95% CI = 0.198-3.494, P = .801), and snoring (OR = 0.262, 95% CI = 0.050-1.380, P = .114) exhibited negative correlations with PD. In the reverse MR, the IVW results suggested that there were no causal associations were found between PD and chronotype (OR: 1.000, 95% CI: 0.965-1.036, standard error [SE] = 0.018, P = .998), daytime dozing (OR: 0.990, 95% CI: 0.979-1.002, SE = 0.006, P = .101), sleep duration (OR: 1.007, 95% CI: 0.992-1.023, SE = 0.008, P = .353), insomnia (OR: 0.993, 95% CI: 0.976-1.010, SE = 0.009, P = .397), nap during day (OR: 1.014, 95% CI: 1.000-1.028, SE = 0.007, P = .057), and snoring (OR: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.986-1.005, SE = 0.005, P = .384). The findings were generally robust in the sensitive analysis. Chronotye, daytime dozing, and sleep duration may be risk factors for PD. However, the causal relationship between these sleep characteristics and PD still needs to be verified by larger, more detailed phenotypic studies.
Key numbers
2.566
Increased Risk of
for in relation to .
2.069
Increased Risk of
for sleep duration in relation to .
0.823
Decreased Risk of
for insomnia in relation to .
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