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Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease worldwide.
- Lifestyle modification is essential for managing steatotic liver disease, with the Mediterranean diet being the preferred dietary intervention.
- Pharmacotherapy has progressed with two FDA-approved options, resmetirom and semaglutide, for noncirrhotic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with moderate-to-advanced fibrosis.
- Emerging therapies targeting various disease mechanisms are in development, although evidence for metabolic dysfunction- and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD) remains limited.
- Management of MetALD primarily focuses on alcohol cessation and optimizing cardiometabolic risk factors.
- The field is shifting towards precision medicine, integrating pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions tailored to individual disease characteristics.
- Key challenges include variability in treatment response and barriers to implementing real-world strategies.
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