Advances in three-dimensional bioprinted stem cell-based tissue engineering for cardiovascular regeneration

Three-dimensional bioprinting can create complex tissue structures that mimic cardiovascular tissues.

• 3D bioprinting can generate organ-like structures that replicate the physiological characteristics of cardiovascular tissues.
• Multi-cellular and multi-domain constructs may improve in vitro studies, drug testing, and disease modeling.
• A key challenge is recreating the extracellular matrix and cellular structures necessary for proper tissue function.
• Incorporating a vascular network is critical for supplying nutrients and oxygen to enhance cell viability.
• Current advancements focus on improving bioinks and printing materials for better performance in engineered cardiovascular models.
• Challenges remain in achieving the complexity and functionality required for clinical applications in cardiovascular regeneration.

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