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How Rod and Cone Light Sensors Differ in Processing Signals and the Role of Calcium Balance
Updated
Abstract
Changes in the cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ in cones are far larger and faster than in rods.
- Rod and cone photoreceptors have similar but distinct enzymes in their light response pathways.
- The volume of the cell influences how each type of photoreceptor maintains Ca2+ levels.
- Rods and cones differ in the speed of clearing Ca2+ from their outer segments.
- The way Ca2+ is buffered in the cytoplasm varies between rods and cones.
- Ca2+ enters through cGMP-gated ion channels at different rates in rods and cones.
Simplified